A2 RW Ch6 L2 · Describing a Process & Comparatives

Phần 1/6 · Model A · Having a Green Home · câu 1–2

📘 Học trước khi làm · Skill · Describing a process

Writing skill

Describing a process 🔧 — step by step

Tả một quy trình: từng bước một, đúng thứ tự.

Give your reader a clear, step-by-step path — instructional (how to do it) or informational (how it works).

❓ ASK YOURSELF FIRST

1

What process do I want to explain? Why is it important?

2

What do my readers already know?

3

What are the steps?

4

Chronological order or order of importance?

5

What is the result?

▶ Beginning

First,
To begin with,
The first step is …

⏩ Middle

Then · Next, · After …
At the same time,
In addition,

⏹ End

Finally,
The final step is …
The last step is …

💡 TIP

Introduce what process you will explain before you start explaining the steps.

Model · read, then answer

“Having a ‘Green’ Home”

Bài mẫu — đọc, tự gạch chân các từ chỉ thứ tự, rồi trả lời hai câu.

Read the model. Underline the sequence words — on your own.

Recycling is a part of many people’s lives, but some want to do more to help the environment. As a result, there has been a growing interest in living in “green” homes. A green home doesn’t waste energy or water, and it uses renewable energy, like solar energy. If you’re interested in having a green home, you can follow these steps.

1 · To begin with, go small. A smaller house uses less energy.
2 · Next, think about a solar energy system.
3 · Then look into energy-efficient lighting and appliances.
4 · In addition, consider highly insulated windows and doors.
5 · Finally, buy furniture made of sustainable materials.

Following these steps will not only help save the environment, but also help you save money.

💡 How many sequence words did you find?

1Which sentence introduces the process? A · “As a result, there has been a growing interest in living in green homes.”B · “A green home doesn’t waste energy or water, and it uses renewable energy.”C · “If you’re interested in having a green home, you can follow these steps.”

2What is the result of following the steps? A · helping the environment and saving moneyB · saving money, but not helping the environmentC · buying furniture made of sustainable materials

Phần 2/6 · Grammar A · which comparative? · câu 3–5

📘 Học trước khi làm · Grammar · comparative adjectives

Grammar for writing

Comparative adjectives 🧩 — comparing two things

So sánh hơn giữa HAI thứ: -er hoặc more.

Natural gas is cleaner than coal. And coal is more expensive than natural gas.

1 syllable → add -er

large → larger · high → higher
cold → colder · tall → taller

2+ syllables → use more

common → more common
difficult → more difficult
important → more important

ends in -y → -ier

easy → easier · deadly → deadlier
happy → happier

⚠ Irregular

good → better · bad → worse
far → farther / further

💡 GRAMMAR NOTE

The opposite of more is less — and syllables do not matter: less cold, less common, less difficult.

Game 1 · circle the correct comparative

One syllable, or more? 🧩

Count the syllables, then choose A, B or C.Đếm âm tiết rồi chọn A, B hay C.

3The Golden Gate Bridge is A · famous thanB · more famous thanC · famouser than the Chesapeake Bay Bridge.

4Building the Channel Tunnel was A · more complicated thanB · complicated thanC · complicateder than building the Holland Tunnel.

5Getting an engineering license is A · more long thanB · long thanC · longer than getting a driver’s license.

Phần 3/6 · Grammar B · sequence words · câu 6–9

Game 2 · put the steps in order

“Steps to Becoming a Civil Engineer”

Tap a word, then tap a gap.Bấm từ rồi bấm chỗ trống.

First,Next, ThenFinally,

6• do some research. Read about what civil engineers do and what skills they need.

7• think about your own skills and interests. Do you enjoy math and science?

8• talk to people who work as civil engineers. They can give you valuable advice.

9• if you decide that civil engineering is for you, find a school with a civil engineering program.

Phần 4/6 · Grammar C · what is compared? · câu 10–12

Game 3 · 🔍 what is being compared?

The Seven Wonders of the Modern World

Chọn hai thứ đang được so sánh trong mỗi câu.

1. First,

they determined which structures were completed. Were some structures marvelous but unfinished?

→

2. Then

they thought about the design. Was one project’s design more unique than other designs?

4. Finally,

they considered how the structure has benefitted society. For example, has it helped people or made life easier?

←

3. Next,

they looked at the engineering challenges. Was one project more difficult than another project?

Step 2 · “Was one project’s design more unique than other designs?”

10

Step 3 · “Was one project more difficult than another project?”

11

Step 4 · “has it helped people or made life easier?”

12

💬 Say it aloud (no points): step 1 as an instruction → “First, determine which structures were completed.”

Phần 5/6 · 📖 Earthquakes · read to write · câu 13–16

In Need of Earthquake-Resistant Buildings

1In January 2010, there was an earthquake in Haiti. Buildings fell, bridges and roads were destroyed, and more than 200,000 people died. Measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale, it was the deadliest earthquake the Caribbean island had experienced. A month later, there was a more powerful earthquake in the South American country of Chile. It measured 8.8. Again there was damage, but this time, 700 people died. How was a smaller earthquake deadlier than a larger one?

2For one thing, the Haitian earthquake was close to its capital, Port-au-Prince, where about 2.5 million people live and work. Also, the capital is near a fault—an area where earthquakes are more likely. But the main reason was poor construction—most buildings were not earthquake-resistant. In other words, they weren’t built to survive an earthquake. Many Haitians earn less than $2 a day and have little to spend on housing. In Chile, however, a richer country with stricter building rules, most of the buildings remained standing, resulting in fewer deaths.

Questions 13–16

Questions 13–14 · Multiple choice

Choose the correct letter

13In Paragraph 1, the writer is comparing two ___ .

A · cities

B · earthquakes

C · buildings

14There were fewer deaths in Chile because ___ .

A · the buildings were more earthquake-resistant

B · people had better jobs

C · the civil engineers are trained better

Questions 15–16 · Find the comparative

Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer

Find the comparative or superlative adjective the writer uses.

15Haiti’s quake was the ___ the island had experienced.

16Chile has ___ building rules.

Phần 6/6 · EXTRA · Grammar A2 · make the comparative · câu 17–22

📘 Học trước khi làm · 📖 Vocabulary strategy · prefixes

📖 Vocabulary strategy

Word families with prefixes 🔗

Cách đoán nghĩa từ mới mà không cần tra từ điển.

A prefix goes at the front of a word and changes its meaning: agree → disagree.

🚫 NOT / opposite of

dis- → disagree · disappear · discomfort
un- → undo · unfriendly · unhappy

❌ NOT (before adjectives)

il- → illegal im- → impossible
in- → incomplete

⚠ WRONGLY

mis- → misunderstood · misinterpret · misbehave

🔁 AGAIN

re- → redo · regain · rebuild · review

💡 Work it out

Incomplete. The prefix in- means “not” and complete means “done or finished” → not finished.

Game · -er, more, or irregular?

Make the comparative 🧩

Chọn dạng so sánh hơn đúng — A, B hay C.

Count the syllables, watch out for the irregulars, then choose A, B or C.

17Steel is A · more strong thanB · stronger thanC · strongger than concrete in an earthquake.

18This new sofa is A · comfortabler thanB · comfortable thanC · more comfortable than the old one.

19A small house is A · easierB · more easyC · easyer to heat.

20Insulated windows are A · gooder thanB · more good thanC · better than old ones.

21Air quality in a big city is often A · worse thanB · badder thanC · more bad than in the countryside.

22Recycling glass is A · difficulterB · less difficultC · less difficulter than recycling plastic.

✏️ With less, syllables don’t matter: less cold · less common · less difficult.

✍️ Bài về nhà

📚 Bài tập về nhà · Lesson 2

Trước buổi học sau…

📚 Việc cần làm ở nhà

📒 Ghi vào vở: từ vựng + ngữ pháp (chép tay)

🔁 Làm lại các câu em làm sai

⭐ Làm phần Extra

✍️ Viết bài về nhà rồi bấm nộp

🃏 Học từ vựng bài mới

✍️ Bài viết về nhà · bắt buộc ⭐

✍️ Hoàn thành đoạn văn hướng dẫn — giải thích cách làm một việc em giỏi, có đủ từ chỉ thứ tự (First, Next, Then, Finally) và ít nhất một tính từ so sánh hơn.

👋 Hẹn gặp em ở Bài 3 — Apply Your Skills: A Greener Olympics! ✍️

Viết đoạn văn của em ở đây rồi bấm nộp

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